![]() ![]() From July 1951, until the end of hostilities the battle lines remained relatively stable and the conflict became a stalemate. Ridgway, retook Seoul and advanced back to the 38th parallel. In early 1951 the Chinese offensive lost its momentum and the UNC, bolstered by the revitalized 8th U.S. In late November the Chinese attacked in full strength, pushing the UNC in disarray south of the 38th parallel with the communist forces seizing the South Korean capital, Seoul. Discounting the significance of initial Chinese attacks in late October, MacArthur ordered the UNC to launch an offensive, taking the forces to the Yalu. In spite of warnings issued by the Chinese Government, the United Nations forces moved toward the Yalu River, marking the North Korean border with Manchuria. In October, the United Nations, urged by the United States Government, approved the movement of UN forces across the 38th parallel into North Korea in an effort to unify the country under a non-communist government. After the front stabilized at the Pusan perimeter, General MacArthur surprised the North Koreans in September 1950 with an amphibious landing at Inchon behind North Korean lines, forcing the North Koreans to retreat behind the 38th parallel. The initial North Korean attack drove United Nations Command forces to a narrow perimeter around the port of Pusan in the southern tip of the peninsula. The first several months of the war were characterized by armies advancing and retreating up and down the Korean peninsula. ![]() President Truman designated General Douglas MacArthur as Commanding General of the United Nations Command (UNC). Truman committed United States air, ground, and naval forces to the combined United Nations forces assisting the Republic of Korea in its defense. Concerned that the Soviet Union and Communist China might have encouraged this invasion, President Harry S. North Korea aimed to militarily conquer South Korea and therefore unify Korea under the communist North Korean regime. Lunch will be served.After five years of simmering tensions on the Korean peninsula, the Korean War began on June 25, 1950, when the Northern Korean People's Army invaded South Korea in a coordinated general attack at several strategic points along the 38th parallel, the line dividing communist North Korea from the non-communist Republic of Korea in the south. She is c urrently working on a second book project, Toward a Free State: Imperial Shift and the Formation of Postwar South Korea, 1937-1950. In 2013, Professor Moon published her first book, Populist Collaborators: The Ilchinhoe and Japanese Colonization of Korea, with Cornell University Press. She h as taught Korean History at Stanford University since 2007. in History and East Asian Languages from Harvard University. degrees in Political Science from Seoul National University. Yumi Moon was born and educated in South Korea, receiving her u ndergraduate and M.A. Why did they leave North Korea under the revolution, and what did they do in South Korea? By answering these questions, this talk seeks to revise the established historiography on the formation of postcolonial Koreas and the origins of the Korean War. This talk will introduce stories of Northern Koreans who crossed the 38 th parallel between 19. Their conflict culminated in the outbreak of the Korean War in June 1950. Under this divided occupation, Korea rapidly developed two ideologically different regimes, a socialist state in the North and a liberal state in the South. The 38 th parallel of latitude was chosen in 1945 by the USA and USSR as a convenient borderline for their divided military occupation of the Korean peninsula. ![]()
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